China is witnessing a rise in cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), prompting authorities to strengthen measures for screening and isolating infections. This situation has drawn comparisons to the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reports from social media suggest that hospitals and crematoriums are under pressure, with multiple viruses like influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and COVID-19 circulating at the same time. However, no state of emergency has been declared.
The National Disease Control and Prevention Administration has set up a system to monitor unexplained pneumonia cases, expecting respiratory illnesses to increase during the winter season.
What Are the Symptoms of HMPV?
HMPV symptoms are similar to those of the flu and other respiratory infections:
- Cough
- Fever
- Nasal congestion
- Shortness of breath
In severe cases, it can cause bronchitis or pneumonia. The incubation period is typically 3–6 days, and symptoms vary depending on the severity.
How Does HMPV Spread?
HMPV spreads like other respiratory viruses through:
- Coughing and sneezing
- Close contact (e.g., handshakes or touching)
- Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face
At-risk groups include young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems.
When Should You See a Doctor?
You should seek medical attention if:
- Symptoms worsen after several days.
- Fever persists for more than three days.
- There’s an underlying condition that increases the risk of complications.
How to Prevent HMPV?
To reduce the risk of infection:
- Wash hands regularly for at least 20 seconds.
- Avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.
- Keep a distance from people who are sick.
- Disinfect frequently touched surfaces like doorknobs and toys.
What to Do if You Have Symptoms?
If you experience HMPV symptoms:
- Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
- Wash hands frequently.
- Avoid sharing personal items.
- Stay home and rest to prevent spreading the virus.
Is There a Treatment or Vaccine?
Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for HMPV. Medical care focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications.
HMPV vs. COVID-19
Both HMPV and COVID-19 cause respiratory issues like cough, fever, and congestion, and both spread through respiratory droplets. While COVID-19 circulates year-round due to new variants, HMPV typically peaks in winter and spring.
Relaxed COVID-19 restrictions have been linked to a surge in HMPV cases, as people had less exposure to viruses during the pandemic.